Core Matter

Research · 17 June 2026

17,000 humanoids shipped last year. Almost none went to work.

China's humanoid IPO filings produced the first audited answers on who ships, who buys, and who profits.

13,000–18,000

Humanoids shipped globally in 2025, per Omdia and IDC

Third-party

90

New Chinese humanoid makers entering in the last 7 months of 2025

Third-party

~150

Units shipped by Figure and by Agility Robotics each in 2025

Third-party

9%

Share of Unitree humanoid revenue labelled industry application

Filing-grade

What it found

  • 01Between 13,000 and 18,000 humanoids shipped globally in 2025, the overwhelming majority of them Chinese. Shipment volume is not the same thing as deployment.
  • 02The Chinese humanoid market is involuted rather than consolidated. 90 new humanoid makers entered in the last seven months of 2025, and no winner has emerged. Unitree and AgiBot are close on total units shipped.
  • 03The manufacturing lead is about iteration speed as much as cost. Vertical integration into motors, reducers and encoders buys a design cycle measured in days rather than months.
  • 04The claim that China builds the body and the United States builds the brain no longer holds on open benchmarks.

Humanoid shipments, 2025

Counts differ by definition. Whether wheeled and half-size platforms are included decides the ranking.

MakerUnits shipped, 2025BasisProvenance
Unitree5,500+Pure bipeds, delivered not ordered, excludes dual-arm wheeledFiling-grade
AgiBot5,168Includes wheeled and half-size forms; ~1,300 on a full-size-only cutThird-party
UBTech600–1,000Most stable figure across three countsThird-party
EngineAI500+Per HRAAThird-party
Robotera500+Per HRAAThird-party
Figure~150Cited in Unitree's inquiry responseThird-party
Agility Robotics~150Cited in Unitree's inquiry responseThird-party

Western trackers counted 13,000 to 18,000 units shipped worldwide in 2025. Chinese industry body HRAA counted roughly 20,000 in China alone.

Where humanoid revenue actually comes from

Unitree's revenue by application domain, January to September 2025, disclosed under the STAR Board inquiry process.

Application domainShare of humanoid revenueProvenance
Research and education73.6%Filing-grade
Commercial and consumer (retail display, events, museums)17.4%Filing-grade
Industry application9.0%Filing-grade

Within the 9.0% labelled industry application, the largest single use is enterprise tour-guide and showroom demonstration. Robots doing physical industrial work account for a low single-digit share of humanoid revenue at the company that ships more humanoids than anyone.

Questions this report answers

  • Who is actually shipping humanoids?
  • Who buys them, and for what?
  • How did China get here?
  • What does a humanoid cost now?
  • Who makes money today?
  • Is “China-body, American-brain” true?
  • What still stands between humanoids and real work?

Method and sources

Read from Unitree's STAR Board IPO prospectus and its regulatory inquiry responses, UBTech's annual report, and third-party shipment trackers from Omdia, IDC and HRAA, alongside MIIT and SASAC policy documents.

Every figure on this page is labelled by provenance. Filing-grade means it comes from a regulatory filing. Company-claimed means the company stated it. Third-party means a tracker, retail listing, teardown, or Core Matter estimate.

This page carries the headline data

The full report, with the complete exhibit set and the analysis behind these figures, is published in the newsletter.

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